At the the mid-1990s along the development of the first Intel-HP titanium system, a new firmware standard had been created by Intel to suppress the needs that the old BIOS wasn't yet capable to. It was named EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface).
The EFI interface abstractes the hardware from the software. Thereby, no matter which hardware is running the operating system and both will communicate between each other accordingly.
Apple started using EFI motherboards since the transition, with no clear need to merge to this technology, giving rising for others to think they were just concerned to keep a closed hardware platform.
Later on, a group of hackers developed a patch to emulate an EFI environment, allowing to install the Mac OS-X on x86 motherboards. Apple released an update to fix the vulnerability but they were still able to bypass it again and eventually for every time Apple released updates.
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